Endoscopy is a medical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of the digestive tract using a flexible tube with a camera and light. For patients, understanding the answer to ‘What can an endoscopy detect?’ is important because it offers a clear view of potential health issues that might not be visible through other tests. By identifying conditions early, endoscopy can support timely treatment and more effective management of gastrointestinal health.

We’ll explain what endoscopy is, how it works, the different types of procedures, and the range of conditions it can help detect in both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. 

What is an endoscopy, and how does it work?

An endoscopy involves the use of a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope, which has a light and a camera at its tip. During the procedure, the endoscope is guided into the body through the mouth or rectum, depending on the area being examined. The camera transmits images to a monitor, allowing the doctor to carefully inspect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract for abnormalities.

There are several types of endoscopy, each tailored to specific regions of the digestive system. Upper endoscopy focuses on the oesophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine. Colonoscopy examines the large intestine, while sigmoidoscopy looks at the lower portion of the colon. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or ERCP, is used to inspect the bile and pancreatic ducts. Each of these procedures provides valuable insights into digestive health and can help detect conditions that may require intervention.

What conditions can an endoscopy detect in the upper gastrointestinal tract?

So what can an endoscopy detect? One common question is whether an endoscopy can detect acid reflux and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, or GORD. By directly visualising the oesophagus, doctors can assess signs of irritation or inflammation caused by stomach acid.

Endoscopy can also reveal gastritis, which is inflammation of the stomach lining. Patients experiencing persistent stomach discomfort or bloating may benefit from this type of assessment. Ulcers in the stomach or duodenum are another condition that an endoscopy can identify. The procedure allows doctors to see ulceration and, if necessary, take biopsies for further analysis.

Barrett’s oesophagus, a condition where the oesophageal lining changes due to long-term acid exposure, can also be detected through endoscopy. Similarly, oesophageal varices, which are enlarged veins in the oesophagus, often related to liver disease, can be observed during the procedure.

Endoscopy may also help identify cancers or tumours in the upper digestive tract. Detecting these conditions early significantly improves treatment options and outcomes. Also, infections such as Helicobacter pylori, which can contribute to ulcers and gastritis, may be diagnosed with the help of endoscopic biopsies.

What conditions can an endoscopy detect in the lower gastrointestinal tract?

Endoscopy is equally important for examining the lower digestive tract. One of the key conditions that can be detected is polyps or precancerous growths in the colon. Regular screening through colonoscopy is an important measure for reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.

On the subject of cancer, endoscopy is a crucial tool in detecting colorectal cancer. Early identification allows for more effective treatment and can potentially save lives. Endoscopy can also reveal diverticulosis, which is the presence of small pouches in the colon, and diverticulitis, which occurs when these pouches become inflamed.

Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, can be diagnosed through endoscopic examination. The procedure allows doctors to visualise inflammation, ulceration, or other abnormalities in the intestinal lining. Endoscopy is also highly effective in locating sources of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be critical in managing sudden or chronic blood loss.

When should you consider having an endoscopy?

Certain symptoms may indicate the need for an endoscopy. Persistent abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, difficulty swallowing, chronic heartburn, or rectal bleeding are common signs that warrant further investigation.

Individuals with a family history of gastrointestinal cancers may also consider screening, even if they are not experiencing symptoms. Family history can increase risk, and early detection through endoscopy can make a significant difference in outcomes. For patients, undergoing endoscopy proactively allows for peace of mind and helps in maintaining overall digestive health.

Why is early detection through endoscopy important?

Early detection through endoscopy can improve treatment outcomes by identifying conditions before they progress to more serious stages. Detecting ulcers, polyps, or cancers early often allows for less invasive treatments and better long-term health prospects.

Endoscopy can also prevent serious illnesses by addressing precancerous growths or chronic conditions before they cause significant complications. Patients benefit not only from timely medical intervention but also from reassurance and proactive management of their digestive health.

What can an endoscopy detect? Ask a medical professional

Endoscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool that can detect a wide range of conditions in both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. From acid reflux, gastritis, and ulcers to polyps, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease, the procedure offers a clear and direct view of digestive health. For patients, understanding ‘What can an endoscopy detect?’ helps in making informed decisions about screening and early intervention. Regular endoscopic evaluations can provide peace of mind, support proactive health management, and significantly improve outcomes for those at risk of serious gastrointestinal conditions.

If you want answers to questions like “what can an endoscopy detect?” or “what is colorectal surgery”?, speak to a medical professional today.

FAQs

Is endoscopy a painful procedure?

Most patients experience minimal discomfort as sedation or anaesthesia is often used. Some may feel slight pressure or bloating during the procedure.

How long does it take to recover from an endoscopy?

Recovery time is usually short. Most people can return to normal activities within a few hours, although sedation effects may last longer.

Can endoscopy detect food allergies or intolerances?

Endoscopy is not designed to diagnose food allergies or intolerances. Blood tests or elimination diets are typically used for this purpose.